Kathmandu. It has been found that the number of farmer families in Nepal is about 41 lakh 30 thousand and the number of farmer families who do not have enough to eat throughout the year is about 55 percent. Although the agricultural sector has contributed about 25 percent to Nepal's economy, the productivity of land and labor in this sector is extremely low. It has been found that 57.3 percent of the population above 10 years of age is involved in the agricultural profession. 

Compared to the agricultural census 2068, in the agricultural census 2078, the area of ​​arable land has decreased by about 145,000 hectares to 14,29,000 hectares. Govind Sharma, Secretary of the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development, said that the arable land remains barren.

Due to lack of availability of agricultural production materials including chemical fertilizers and relative lack of commercialization and modernization of agriculture, relative increase in agricultural production and productivity is not possible. The main challenge is to realize food security among the citizens through increasing the production and productivity of the land while commercializing and modernizing the agricultural sector by protecting the agricultural land and making proper use of the available land resources. Nepal has been ranked 72nd in the world hunger index this year. According to the Department of Agriculture, Nepal was ranked 68th last year.

In Article 36 of the Constitution of Nepal, the right to food is provided as a fundamental right. Also, in Article 51 of the Constitution, policies related to agriculture and land reform and policies related to basic needs of citizens are mentioned. In order to protect food security and food sovereignty, the Food Act 2023, Consumer Protection Act 2075 and Food Rights and Food Security Act 2075 have been implemented, while the regulations on food rights and food security are also drafted and are under discussion, Secretary Sharma informed.